We present new, massive, non-ghost solutions for the Dirac field coupled self-consistently to gravity. We employ a gauge-theoretic formulation of gravity which automatically identifies the spin of the Dirac field with the torsion of the gauge fields. Homogeneity of the field observables requires that the spatial sections be flat. Expanding and collapsing singular solutions are given, as well as a solution which expands from a singularity before recollapsing. Torsion effects are only important while the Compton wavelength of the Dirac field is larger than the Hubble radius. We study the motion of spinning point-particles in the background of the expanding solution. The anisotropy due to the torsion is manifest in the particle trajectories.
A.D. Challinor, A.N. Lasenby, C.J.L. Doran and S.F. Gull, Massive, non-ghost solutions for the Dirac field coupled self-consistently to gravity, General Rel. Grav. 29, 1527 (1997)